API testing guides — test REST and GraphQL APIs, write contract tests, and automate API validation.
gRPC
gRPC services are harder to test than REST APIs. HTTP endpoints accept plain JSON you can curl in seconds; gRPC uses binary Protobuf encoding over HTTP/2 and requires generated client code to send requests. This complexity shows up in your test setup. This guide covers a complete gRPC testing
Testing
Hoppscotch started life as Postwoman — a browser-based API client created as a fast, free, open-source alternative to Postman. The name changed to Hoppscotch in 2021, but the mission stayed the same: give developers a full-featured API testing tool they can open in any browser, with nothing to
Testing
Choosing an API client in 2026 is more complicated than it was five years ago. Postman has moved aggressively toward the cloud and enterprise. Insomnia changed owners and briefly required login for basic use. Bruno emerged as the Git-native alternative. Hoppscotch runs in the browser. Thunder Client lives inside
Testing
Insomnia is one of the most polished open-source API clients available. Originally built as a lightweight Postman alternative focused on great UX, it was acquired by Kong in 2019 and has since evolved into a full-featured platform with REST, GraphQL, and gRPC support, an OpenAPI design editor, a
Testing
In 2023, Postman announced it was sunsetting its free Scratch Pad — the local-only workspace that kept collections entirely on your machine. If you wanted to use Postman, you had to sync everything to Postman's cloud. For teams that work with sensitive APIs, financial data, or internal microservices,
Testing
Most developers know how to send an API request. Fewer know how to build an API test suite that stays reliable as the API evolves, runs consistently in CI, and actually catches regressions before they reach production. The difference between a collection of saved requests and a genuine test suite
Testing
Testing REST APIs in Java has a reputation for being verbose. You set up an HTTP client, construct requests, execute them, parse the response, and then write assertions against the parsed data — often 20+ lines for a simple GET test. REST Assured changes this. It provides a fluent, BDD-style
Testing
REST Assured's API was designed around the Given-When-Then structure from Behavior-Driven Development. This isn't just a cosmetic choice — tests written in BDD style are executable documentation. They describe what an API is supposed to do in terms that developers, QA engineers, and product
API Testing
REST Assured and Postman both test REST APIs, but they solve different problems for different audiences. Choosing the wrong one creates friction — developers forced into a GUI when they want code, or QA teams drowning in Java when they need something interactive. This guide lays out the real differences so
Testing
E2E testing for GraphQL-powered apps requires different techniques than REST APIs. With REST, you intercept by URL (/api/users). With GraphQL, every query hits the same endpoint (/graphql), so you intercept by operation name or query content. Both Playwright and Cypress support GraphQL intercepting well. This guide shows you
Testing
Apollo Server's executeOperation is excellent for most GraphQL testing. But sometimes you need to test the full HTTP stack — middleware, authentication headers, CORS, rate limiting, and HTTP error codes. Supertest lets you do that: it sends real HTTP requests against your Express/Fastify application without starting a network
Testing
Apollo Server is the most popular GraphQL server for Node.js. Its testing story is surprisingly good: executeOperation lets you run queries against an in-memory server without HTTP overhead, making integration tests fast and deterministic. This guide focuses on the practical patterns you need for testing Apollo Server 4