Testing
Testing Multi-Agent Orchestration with LangGraph and CrewAI
Single agents are hard enough to test. Multi-agent systems add another dimension: the interactions between agents.
Testing
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Testing
ApprovalTests.Net and Verify: Snapshot Testing in C#
The .NET ecosystem has two mature approval/snapshot testing libraries: ApprovalTests.Net (the original) and Verify (the modern alternative with better async support and scrubbing). Both capture output to files and compare on subsequent runs. This guide covers both libraries with practical C# examples for NUnit and xUnit. Key Takeaways
Testing
Testing Tenant-Scoped API Rate Limiting in SaaS Applications
Rate limiting in multi-tenant SaaS serves two goals: protecting infrastructure and enforcing plan limits.
Testing
Testing Subscription Billing Flows: Stripe, Upgrades, and Edge Cases
Billing bugs are the most expensive bugs in SaaS. A mishandled subscription upgrade that charges users incorrectly, a webhook that processes twice, or a dunning flow that locks out paying customers — each of these can generate support tickets, chargebacks, and churn that costs far more than the engineering time to
Testing
White-Label SaaS Testing: Branded Domains, Theme Overrides, and Custom Config
White-label SaaS is a forcing function for good multi-tenancy. When a customer runs your product under their own brand, on their own domain, with their own colors and logo, any configuration leak becomes immediately visible. Their customers see a broken experience with the wrong logo, wrong colors, or
Testing
Testing SaaS Onboarding Flows: From Signup to First Value
Your onboarding flow is the most important user journey in your SaaS product.
Testing
Feature Flag Testing in SaaS: Tenant-Level Flags with LaunchDarkly and Unleash
Feature flags in single-user apps are already tricky. In multi-tenant SaaS, they're an order of magnitude harder.
Testing
Multi-Tenant Data Isolation Testing: PostgreSQL RLS and Schema-Per-Tenant
Data isolation bugs in multi-tenant SaaS are catastrophic. When tenant A can see tenant B's data, you don't get a bug report — you get a breach notification, a legal team, and customer churn. The failure mode is silent: everything looks fine until someone notices records
Testing
Testing WeasyPrint HTML-to-PDF Pipelines with pytest and Visual Regression
WeasyPrint converts HTML/CSS to PDF in Python, making it popular for invoice generation, report rendering, and document exports in Django/Flask apps. Testing WeasyPrint output involves extracting text from the generated PDF bytes, comparing page structure, and doing visual regression checks against PNG renderings. This guide covers the full
Testing
Regression Testing for LLM-Powered Applications
Traditional software regression: you change a function, run tests, and if they fail you've introduced a regression. Easy to detect.
Testing
Apache PDFBox Testing Tutorial: Parsing, Comparing, and Asserting PDF Content
Apache PDFBox is an open-source Java library for reading and writing PDFs. Unlike iText (commercial license for production use), PDFBox is Apache-licensed. It's ideal for testing PDFs regardless of how they were generated — iText, wkhtmltopdf, Puppeteer, or any other tool. This guide shows how to parse,
Testing
Mocking External APIs in Agentic Systems
An AI agent that manages your GitHub issues calls the GitHub API. An agent that schedules meetings calls Google Calendar.